Tag: Space Junk

Space Force’s International Partnerships in Commercial Space Industry

Article by Meredith Roaten                                          February 25, 2021                                              (nationaldefensemagazine.org)

• At the Air Force Association’s Virtual Aerospace Warfare Symposium on February 25th, Space Force chief of operations, General John “Jay” Raymond, said that Space Force will prioritize collaboration with the commercial space industry and partners around the world. The commercial space industry has lowered the barriers to space, so that almost all Space Force missions can be commercially viable with smaller, more operationally relevant satellites, Raymond said. “We want to build a very fused connection with commercial industry.”

• In its first year, the Space Force transferred personnel and commissioned cadets to the service; published doctrine and set up monitoring systems to track space debris; fleshed out training and submitted recommendations to Congress about how to update the space acquisition process. “This second year is all about integration and integrating this force,” Raymond said. “It’s driving the car that we built.” Space Force is ready to move on to bolstering behavioral norms with international allies and launching more assets into space.

• Space Force’s structure allows it to work with industry to leverage technology innovation while saving money. Earlier this year, Space Force established ‘SpaceWERX’, a technology accelerator program that works with companies in the space industry. “As we design that force, we want to design it in a way that capitalizes on this new business model that has emerged, that produces satellites off of a production line, rather than the one-off, handmade wooden shoe that takes years and years and years to build,” Raymond said.

• International exercises and wargames have helped the service foster these norms in the past year. Strengthening norms of behavior for space operations alongside international partners will improve safety, Raymond said. Norms don’t prevent bad behavior but they draw attention to countries or companies operating in a dangerous way. “We’ve made some really good strides and we operate to demonstrate that good behavior,” said Raymond. “We want to build this coalition friendly from the beginning to allow our international partners to invest.”

• Meanwhile, Raymond noted that the “explosion” of the space industry and international space activity has created new problems in ‘space debris’ or ‘space junk’. There are thousands of pieces of debris in addition to the thousands of satellites in low-Earth orbit, creating the danger of collision. “If the space domain is something we all care about, then inventing some innovative way to get the debris out of space could be something very useful for the future,” Raymond said. Improving engineering and launch standards will help to prevent more debris buildup. International partners can also monitor space and warn each other about potentially dangerous debris.

 

This year, the Space Force will prioritize collaboration with the commercial space industry and partners around the world, the

           General John “Jay” Raymond

service’s chief of operations said Feb. 25.

These types of partnerships have and will continue to allow the United States to lead the world in space, Gen. John “Jay” Raymond said at the Air Force Association’s Virtual Aerospace Warfare Symposium. The service — the newest branch of the military — was stood up 14 months ago.

In its first year, the Space Force transferred personnel and commissioned cadets to the service. It also published doctrine and set up monitoring systems to track space debris, among other capabilities. The service also fleshed out training for its new personnel and submitted recommendations to Congress about how to update the space acquisition process.

“This second year is all about integration and integrating this force,” Raymond said. “It’s driving the car that we built.”

Now, the service is ready to move on to bolstering behavioral norms with international allies and launching more assets into space. Because the commercial industry has lowered the barriers to space, almost all Space Force missions can be commercially viable with smaller, more operationally relevant satellites, he said.

                            Space Junk

“We want to build a very fused connection with commercial industry,” he said.

The service’s structure should allow it to work with industry to leverage technology innovation while saving money, he noted.

“As we design that force, we want to design it in a way that capitalizes on this new business model that has emerged, that produces satellites off of a production line, rather than the one-off, handmade wooden shoe that takes years and years and years to build,” Raymond said.

Earlier this year, the service established SpaceWERX, a technology accelerator program that works with companies in the space industry. The technology areas of focus for the program will be announced in coming weeks.

The service will also grow partnerships with allies this year, Raymond noted. Strengthening norms of behavior for space operations alongside international partners will improve safety, he said.

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Europe’s Space Agency is Spending $103 Million to Remove Space Junk

Article by George Dvorsky                                    November 30, 2020                                       (gizmodo.com)

• The time has come for us to clean up our mess. So the European Space Agency has hired Swiss startup ClearSpace to remove the first item of space debris in 2025 for $103 million. More importantly, it will herald the beginning of an entirely new space industry of removing the 22,300 (at last count) pieces of debris currently in low earth orbit. The presence of useless machine parts traveling at up to 17,400 miles per hour creates a dangerous environment for satellites, astronauts, and possibly even the International Space Station.

• This particular useless piece of debris is the 247-pound Vega Secondary Payload Adapter (or Vespa), which has been circling in low earth orbit since 2013.

• The ClearSpace mission will test the concept of a “conical net” that will engulf the Vespa payload adapter (as pictured above). This will require unimaginable precision. Slight miscalculations could make the target object bounce out before the net can close or even cause a serious collision. With its cargo secured, the ClearSpace spacecraft will simply fall into Earth’s atmosphere and burn up on re-entry. Several other companies are developing their own concepts. RemoveDEBRIS, for example, uses a harpoon to snatch wayward objects in orbit. Only time will tell which strategy works best. Ultimately, ESA is hoping to launch “a new commercial sector in space.”

• ClearSpace is a spin-off of the commercial provider, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, and it will seek the help of partners in Germany, the Czech Republic, Sweden, Poland, and several other European countries.

 

The European Space Agency has signed a historic deal with Swiss startup ClearSpace to remove a single item of space debris in 2025. The $103 million price tag is steep, but this mission—involving an orbiting, mouth-like net—could herald the beginning of an entirely new space industry.

The new contract, announced late last week, is unique in that the mission will involve “the first removal of an item of space debris from orbit,” according to ESA. ClearSpace, a spin-off of the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), is the commercial provider for this mission, and it will seek the help of partners in Germany, the Czech Republic, Sweden, Poland, and several other European countries.

The target in question is the Vega Secondary Payload Adapter (or Vespa), which has been circling in low Earth orbit (LEO) since 2013. This 247-pound (112-kilogram) payload adapter successfully dispatched a Proba-V satellite to space, but, like so many other items in LEO, it currently serves no purpose, presenting a potential hazard to functioning satellites and possibly even the International Space Station.

€86 million (USD $103 million) seems like an awful lot of money to spend on the removal of a single item of space debris, but ESA is making an important investment. The technology required for the ClearSpace-1 mission, in which a spacecraft will “rendezvous, capture, and bring down” the Vespa payload adapter, will likely be leveraged in similar future missions (assuming this particular strategy will work). Ultimately, ESA is hoping to launch “a new commercial sector in space.”

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