Navy’s ‘UFO’ Patents Went Through Significant Internal Review and Demo
Article by Brett Tingley December 16, 2020 (thedrive.com)
• In 2019, the US Navy filed and obtained patents on several bizarre technologies such as a “high temperature superconductor,” a “high frequency gravitational wave generator,” a force field-like “electromagnetic field generator,” a “plasma compression fusion device,” and a “hybrid aerospace/underwater craft” featuring an “inertial mass reduction device.” They seemed to describe the theoretical building blocks of a craft with UFO-like performance. Dr. Salvatore Cezar Pais, an aerospace engineer at NAVAIR’s Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) in Patuxent (Pax) River, Maryland, was credited in these patents as the inventor.
• Each of Pais’ inventions depended on what the inventor calls “the Pais Effect,” described as the “controlled motion of electrically charged matter (from solid to plasma) via accelerated spin and/or accelerated vibration under rapid (yet smooth) acceleration-deceleration-acceleration transients.” But the patents and their underlying concepts have largely been scoffed at by mainstream scientific experts. Nevertheless, Pais says his work will be proven correct “one fine day.”
• The War Zone has continued to dig into Salvatore Pais and his Navy patents through FOIA filings requesting Naval Air Systems Command email correspondence pertaining to them. These emails add to the backstory and suggest that the patents went through a more rigorous internal evaluation process than was previously known. The emails also indicate that the patent’s research program did in fact result in an experimental demonstration of some sort.
• The emails and invention disclosure forms show that the ‘Inertial Mass Reduction Device’, the ‘High Temperature Superconductor’, the ‘Gravitational Wave Generator’, and the ‘Electromagnetic Field Generator’ are all listed as closely interrelated patents. The inventions were disclosed to multiple employees at NAVAIR prior to application and reviewed by the Technology Transfer Office at Pax River in 2015. Pais defended his inventions in front of the NAWCAD Invention Evaluation Board throughout 2016 and 2017. The inventions appear to have cleared this review process and were then submitted to the US Patent and Trademark Office for patent approval.
• It’s curious that Pais’ inventions apparently had no direct correlation to his assigned duties. His duties as an Aerospace Engineer for NAWCAD at the time included working in Fuel Thermal Management Systems design, aircraft analysis, and advanced power, avionics, and thermal technologies. In his invention disclosure form for the inertial mass reduction device patent, Pais signed and dated a form reading “As the invention described herein was made as a direct result of the performance of my assigned duties, I hereby agree to assign the entire right, title and interest in the invention to the government and I understand that I will retain no rights in the invention,” per U.S. Code of Federal Regulation 37 CFR § 501.6.
• However, at the bottom of the disclosure form Pais wrote that “There is no relationship whatsoever between my assigned duties and the invention. The invention was made independently of any job performance or assigned tasks by the Branch or Section.” He later wrote in the same disclosure form that “The entire Inventive Concept and anything that pertains to it, was the inventor’s own work, with no government contribution whatsoever.”
• After one of his academic papers describing the patents was accepted for publication in 2016, Pais wrote in an email to several NAVAIR employees that “What is most unique about this paper is that it has already won the approval of Dr. [REDACTED], … who has given his unreserved approval of this paper, calling it “a very good paper.” [REDACTED] has also forwarded the paper to several of his colleagues, including [REDACTED], another top subject matter expert.” Likely candidates as to who the mystery scientist is who signed off on Pais’ inventions are either perennial ‘weird science’ contract stalwart Hal Puthoff or aerospace engineer H. David Froning whose own works were included along with the patent application.
• The Australian-based Froning has published extensive USAF-funded studies on hypersonic vehicle design and using directed energy to aid in aircraft propulsion, “new directions in electromagnetism for propulsion and power”, and using specially-conditioned electromagnetic fields to control nuclear fusion reactions – some of the same technologies patented by Pais on behalf of the US Navy over the last several years. In mid-2016, a “Salvatore Cezar Pais, Ph.D.” left a glowing five-star Amazon review for Froning’s 2016 book, The Halcyon Years of Air and Space Flight: And the Continuing Quest, years before Pais’ patents were made public.
• In the same April 20, 2016 email in which Pais mentions an unknown (redacted) supportive scientist, Pais wrote that “the enablement of extreme craft speeds, and thus the feasibility of intergalactic travel using current engineering materials and methods, is made possible with this (peer-reviewed) publication.” Similarly, the Amazon book review stated that Froning’s research “takes us several steps toward our ultimate civilizational goal of Intergalactic Flight” and “can occur with state of the art materials and engineering methods.” Pais closes the April 20, 2016 email by adding that the examination process will “hopefully (culminate) in two essential patents for the technologically advanced future of the Navy.”
• Nine days later, Pais emailed that the patent application had been filed with the USPTO, writing “[REDACTED] has done an admirable job and produced an exceptional patent application, [REDACTED] work is highly commendable. The inventive concept due to its simplicity and minimalism, despite its advanced quantum vacuum physics, pays homage to Occam’s Razor. Thank you Sir for your recommendation and your continued support.” It may be that Pais is referring to Mark Glut, NAWCAD’s patent attorney at the time. In a May 2017 email, Pais writes that “[Redacted] is a formidable patent lawyer”.
• In the emails related to the high-temperature superconductor patent, an unknown individual from the Naval Aviation Enterprise writes that “the concept has strong theoretical backing” and offers the enterprises’ help in the patent application process. Later, Pais publicly thanks Naval Aviation Enterprise Chief Technology Officer Dr. James Sheehy who stepped in to personally attest to the USPTO to the ‘operability and enablement’ of the concepts in Pais’ inventions. After the “Inertial Mass Reduction Device” patent application was submitted, an unknown individual from the Naval Aviation Enterprise, likely Dr. Sheehy, congratulated Pais in an email, writing “Congratulations!! Now to build a small demo to put the theory into a demo”. In 2017 and 2019 emails, Pais confirms funding of his work by NAWCAD on “radical new propulsion concepts” and “Hybrid Aerospace-Undersea Craft”.
• In 2017, Pais was turned down publication by energy research journal Joule , saying “we would require you to provide some compelling experimental validation of your proposed theoretical pathway before we could reconsider.” In a June 6, 2019 email, Pais states: “high-temperature superconductor is sound despite a lack of experimental evidence”. Pais finally published his paper on “Room Temperature Superconducting System for use on a Hybrid Aerospace-Undersea Craft” in the AIAA SciTech forum in 2019 without experimental data.
• Inventors working behind closed doors in DoD labs aren’t the only ones pursuing these “Holy Grail” technologies. In mid-October 2020, the journal Nature announced that a room-temperature superconductor was theoretically possible, but required extreme pressures of at least 2.6 million times the atmospheric pressure at sea level, making it impractical except in laboratory settings. In November 2020, researchers at MIT published seven articles in the Journal of Plasma Physics detailing a revolutionary new compact high-temperature superconductor fusion reactor design. One of the key technologies leveraged in the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center design is “a newer electromagnet technology that uses high temperature superconductors that can produce a much higher magnetic field to contain the fusion reaction within.
• These various emails reveal an extensive internal review process wherein scientists and personnel at NAWCAD and the Pax River Invention Evaluation Board supported Pais’ patents for the USPTO application process. We also learned that NAWCAD performed technical and marketing reviews on the inventions, and funded a physical demonstration for patent purposes. Still, The Drive’s ‘The War Zone’ has yet to find any experimental validation or experts who can confirm Pais’s theories, or what these bizarre patents mean for the future of the Navy.
The War Zone continues to dig into the bizarre U.S. Navy patents authored by enigmatic inventor Dr. Salvatore Pais and the seemingly unusual circumstances of their approval by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). As part of our investigation, we recently
obtained a tranche of internal emails from Naval Air Systems Command, or NAVAIR, which appear to have been sent between Pais and personnel in different NAVAIR offices. While the Navy’s exotic energy production patents remain as mysterious as ever, these emails add to the backstory surrounding the inventions of Salvatore Pais and suggest that the patents went through a more rigorous internal evaluation process than was previously known. The emails also seem to indicate that the research program that emanated from the patents did in fact result in an experimental demonstration of some sort.
Last year, the publication of several unusual patents assigned to the U.S. Navy raised eyebrows due to the seemingly radical and unconventional claims found within them. These patents included bizarre technologies such as a “high temperature superconductor,” a “high frequency gravitational wave generator,” a force field-like “electromagnetic field generator,” a “plasma compression fusion device,” and a hybrid aerospace/underwater craft featuring an “inertial mass reduction device.” They truly sound like the stuff of science fiction and seem to describe the theoretical building blocks of a craft with UFO-like performance.
Each of the Navy inventions are credited to one Dr. Salvatore Cezar Pais, who, at the time the patent applications
were submitted, was an aerospace engineer at NAVAIR’s Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) in Patuxent (Pax) River, Maryland. Every one of Pais’ recent inventions depends on what the inventor calls “the Pais Effect,” described in numerous publications by the inventor as the “controlled motion of electrically charged matter (from solid to plasma) via accelerated spin and/or accelerated vibration under rapid (yet smooth) acceleration-deceleration-acceleration transients.”
Despite the fact that leadership at NAVAIR went to bat for the patents in appeals with the USPTO, the patents and their underlying concepts have largely been scoffed at by subject matter experts due to the lack of experimental evidence provided for them and their seeming similarity to controversial and highly theoretical concepts such as mass reduction or quantum vacuum engineering. Nevertheless, The War Zone obtained a statement from Dr. Pais in a series of email correspondences in which the inventor claimed his work will be proven correct “one fine day.”
Internal NAWCAD And NAVAIR Emails Contain Additional Details
The internal NAVAIR emails The War Zone has recently obtained are all related to the creation of the patent
application and internal review process for Pais’s seemingly bizarre “Craft Using an Inertial Mass Reduction Device” patent. All names within this release have been redacted, but it appears possible that many of the emails could have been written by Dr. Salvatore Pais based on portions of email signatures left unredacted, not to mention the fact that they describe Pais’s patents and publications in the first person. Still, it’s ultimately impossible to be 100% certain that these emails were indeed written by Pais himself despite The War Zone referring to the author as Pais throughout this reporting for simplicity.
While much remains unknown about these patents and their provenance, these emails offer a few new details about the internal processes Pais and other NAWCAD employees at Pax River undertook in getting some of the patents approved. For one, these emails reveal that Pais made an additional $700 between 2016 and 2018 from two separate incentive awards for the “Craft Using An Inertial Mass Reduction Device” patent.
The emails largely discuss bureaucratic procedures and paperwork related to the invention disclosures and patent application processes. These emails include individuals from NAWCAD, including its Office of Counsel, as well as elsewhere within NAVAIR, such as the Naval Test Wing Atlantic, and at a drafting company in Uniontown, Ohio that was hired to illustrate the patent applications.
The invention disclosure forms contained in these releases show that Pais claims several of his patents – “Craft Using an Inertial Mass Reduction Device,” “Piezoelectricity-induced High Temperature Superconductor,” “High Frequency Gravitational Wave Generator,” and “Ultrahigh Intensity Electromagnetic Field Generator” – are all interrelated. The gravitational wave generator application was cited as a follow-up to both the electromagnetic wave generator application and the inertial mass reduction device application, and is also listed as a closely related patent in the high-temperature superconductor application.
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