Tag: Big Bang

NASA’s New JWS Telescope to Detect Life Across the Universe

Article by Conor Clark                                           April 26, 2021                                              (express.co.uk)

• NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) – “the largest, most powerful and complex space telescope ever built and launched into space”, was to be launched into space in 2007. But it exceeded its budget and was rescheduled for March 2018. Then the telescope’s sunshield ripped during a practice deployment and was further delayed. Then the COVID pandemic hit. Now the JWST is scheduled to launch from French Guiana aboard an Ariane 5 rocket in October of this year.

• The JWST is 100x more powerful than NASA’s Hubble Telescope which it will replace. Hubble has orbited the Earth’s lower atmosphere since 1990. But the JWST will orbit the Sun, a million miles away from Earth at a point which is four times further away than the Moon.

• The JWST will give scientists the ability to look even closer at exoplanets and learn which are most likely to harbor living beings, specifically gas dwarfs or super-earths that are surrounded by a thick atmosphere made up of an array of gases. Some of these gases, such as ammonia, could indicate that there is life beneath them on the planet. Scientists at Ohio State University say that the JWST will have the ability to detect some of the aforementioned gases in just 60 hours (the equivalent of a few orbits).

• The JWST is about half the size of a 737 jet and will be the largest telescope ever sent into space. Its main goal will be to find light radiated by the universe’s oldest stars and galaxies that were born after the Big Bang over 13.5 billion years ago, enabling scientists to learn more about the origins of life and the formation of stars and planetary systems. The JWST’s mission lifetime is “5-10+ years” meaning that we could potentially have answers about extra-terrestrial life within the next decade.

• Over 1,200 scientists, engineers and technicians from 14 countries have worked on the JWS Telescope to get it ready for take off. “My research suggests that for the first time, we have the scientific knowledge and technological capabilities to realistically begin to find the answers to these questions,” said graduate student Caprice Phillips.

 

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) would give scientists the ability to look even closer at planets and learn which are most likely to harbour living beings, if all goes to plan. These planets are most commonly known as gas dwarfs or super-earths and are surrounded by a thick atmosphere made up of an array of gases.

Some of these gases, such as ammonia, could indicate that there is life beneath them on the planet.

This has been hard for scientists to establish in the past, given that there are no gas dwarf planets in our solar system and the massive clouds of dust are opaque to visible-light observatories.

             Caprice Phillips

According to NASA’s website, the JWST “will be the largest, most powerful and complex space telescope ever built and launched into space”, claiming it “will fundamentally alter our understanding of the universe”.

Study author graduate student Caprice Phillips said: “Humankind has contemplated the questions: Are we alone? What is life? Is life elsewhere similar to us?”

“My research suggests that for the first time, we have the scientific knowledge and technological capabilities to realistically begin to find the answers to these questions.”

The telescope is 100x more powerful than NASA’s Hubble Telescope which is being replaced. That telescope orbiting the earth’s lower atmosphere since 1990.

Scientists at Ohio State University have determined that the JWST will have the ability to detect some of the aforementioned gases in just 60 hours (the equivalent of a few orbits).

It will orbit the sun, a million miles away from Earth at a point which is four times further away than the moon.

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NASA Scientists Detect Evidence of a Parallel Universe Where Time Runs Backward

Article by Yaron Steinbuch                           May 19, 2020                              (nypost.com)

• NASA scientists use a giant balloon to carry long antenna, called the ‘Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna’ or ANITA, to measure the constant “wind” of high-energy particles coming from space. They conduct these experiments high above Antarctica, where the frigid, dry air provides the perfect environment with little to no radio noise to distort its findings.

• Low-energy, subatomic neutrinos have a mass close to zero, and can pass completely through Earth. Higher-energy objects, however, are stopped by the solid matter of our planet. But ANITA has detected these heavier, ‘high-energy’ particles coming up out of the Earth.

• Principal ANITA investigator Peter Gorham, a physicist at the University of Hawaii, is the lead author of a Cornell University paper describing the odd phenomenon. He and his fellow researchers have detected several of these “impossible events”. Gorham’s research paper offers that the only way these heavy, high-energy particles could arise from the Earth is if the rules of physics were the opposite of our own. This implies that these particles are actually traveling backward in time.

• The research paper suggests that at the moment of the ‘Big Bang’, 13.8 billion years ago, two universes were formed. This means that there is a parallel universe to our own where time is running backwards. Of course, to the inhabitants of the parallel Earth, we are the ones whose time is running backwards.

• The concept of a parallel universe has been around since the early 1960s, mostly in the minds of fans of sci-fi TV shows and comics.

• [Editor’s Note]  Now the scientific community is walking back the claim of a parallel universe. In a subsequent statement, ANITA investigator Peter Gorham said, “This whole parallel universe thing was not invented by us but somehow we have gotten tagged with it. A journalist got it wrong, tied it to us and it has unfortunately snowballed. We actually had nothing to do with the development of the parallel universe idea.” The particles travelling in reverse “are more likely to be explained in terms of physics, that is likely to be much less exotic.” (see inverse.com article here)

Penn State University astrophysics professor Derek Fox says that the existence of particles coming from the Earth only shows that the 50-year old ‘Standard Model’ of particle physics needs an update. Fox says that “From my perspective as an observer, it’s a dark matter decay scenario.” The anomalous neutrinos detected may have been particles of dark matter that scientists have been looking for since the 1930’s. According to Fox, heavy dark matter particles can accumulate in the core of the Earth and when they decay, they can produce highly energetic particles that sort of erupt from the Earth, producing these up-going cosmic ray showers that were detected by ANITA.

 

In a scenario straight out of “The Twilight Zone,” a group of NASA scientists working on an experiment in Antarctica have detected evidence of a parallel universe — where the rules of physics are the opposite of our own, according to a report.

The concept of a parallel universe has been around since the early 1960s, mostly in the minds of fans of sci-fi TV shows and comics, but now a cosmic ray detection experiment has found particles that could be from a parallel realm that also was born in the Big Bang, the Daily Star reported.

The experts used a giant balloon to carry NASA’s Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna, or ANITA, high above Antarctica, where the frigid, dry air provided the perfect environment with little to no radio noise to distort its findings.

A constant “wind” of high-energy particles constantly arrives on Earth from outer space.

Low-energy, subatomic neutrinos with a mass close to zero can pass completely through Earth, but higher-energy objects are stopped by the solid matter of our planet, according to the report.

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Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded for Research on Exoplanets and the Structure of the Universe

Listen to “E129 10-17-19 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded for Research on Exoplanets and the Structure of the Universe” on Spreaker.

Article by Sarah Kaplan                 October 8, 2019                 (washingtonpost.com)

• On October 8th, the Nobel Prize in physics was awarded jointly to James Peebles of Princeton University who theorized the existence of ‘dark matter’ and ‘dark energy’ to explain what makes up the 95 percent of the universe that we do not yet understand, and Michel Mayor along with Didier Queloz of the University of Geneva who in 1995 discovered the first extra-solar ‘exoplanet’ orbiting around a sun-like star.

• When astronomers stumbled upon a cosmic radiation that suffuses throughout space, fifty years ago, it provided a road map of the history of the universe since the “Big Bang”. In short, in one-millionth of a second, “lumps” of matter were created which would evolve into galaxies.

• Crediting the research of his contemporary Soviet astronomers in the 1960s, Peebles theorized that something must exist – an invisible force – that drives the expansion of the universe while holding the galaxies together. Yet everything ever detected by a scientific instrument and everything that has yet to be found makes up only 5 percent of the universe. Thus dark matter/dark energy was born to fill the void. However some argue that it was Carnegie Institution astronomer Vera Rubin who proved the existence of dark matter but was never credited with an award.

• Mayor and Queloz are credited with finding the first exoplanet outside of our solar system in 1995. They did this by measuring the wobble in a distant star by the shifts in light it emitted. From this they could determine the size and distance of a companion planet, both orbiting a common center of mass. The planet they found, dubbed 51 Pegasi b, is large, gaseous and hot like Jupiter, but is so close to its star that it takes just four days to complete an orbit. Queloz was a graduate student working with Mayor, a Professor Emeritus.

• “New science is very rarely done by just one person … and there were a lot people who made important contributions before and since then,” said Johanna Teske, an exoplanet astronomer at Carnegie Observatories. But Mayor and Queloz’s discovery “was really a turning point for the field.” Once the method was devised, astronomers across the globe were looking for the telltale wobble of a planet-hosting sun. Over 4,000 exoplanets have been found to date.

• Nobel Committee member Ulf Danielsson noted that ‘somewhere in the vast and inscrutable universe, on one of those strange and distant worlds, it’s possible that some other form of life exists’. “Our view of our place in the universe will never be the same again.” It might take years, or centuries, or even millennia, Danielsson said. But he holds out hope that one day humanity will find evidence that we are not alone.

 

A cosmologist who revealed that the universe was made mostly of invisible matter and energy, and two scientists who detected the first planet orbiting an alien star, were jointly awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday.

                  Michel Mayor

By studying the earliest moments after the birth of the universe, James Peebles of Princeton University developed a theoretical framework for the evolution of the cosmos that led to the understanding of dark energy and dark matter — substances that can’t be observed by any scientific instruments but nonetheless make up 95 percent of the universe.

              Didier Queloz

Fellow laureates Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz of the University of Geneva revolutionized astronomy, the Nobel Committee said, when in 1995 they announced the discovery of a large, gaseous world circling a star 50 light-years from our sun — the first extrasolar planet found around a sun-like star. In the decades since, scientists have detected thousands more of these exoplanets, and astronomers now think our universe contains more planets than stars.

“This year’s Nobel laureates in physics have painted a picture of a universe far stranger and more wonderful than we ever could have imagined,” Ulf Danielsson, a Nobel Committee member, said at a news conference Tuesday. “Our view of our place in the universe will never be the same again.”

               James Peebles

For almost a century, scientists have theorized that the universe began with a big bang, growing from a hot, dense particle soup into the current collection of dust, stars and galaxies flung across a vast and still-expanding space. Fifty years ago, a pair of radio astronomers stumbled upon the signature of those earliest days of expansion: the cosmic microwave background, a faint form of radiation that suffuses the entire sky.

This radiation is a “gold mine” for physicists, the Nobel Committee said. By analyzing tiny variations in this ancient afterglow, scientists can peer back in time to understand how the universe evolved. Peebles studied the temperature of the cosmic microwave background to understand the matter that was created in the big bang.

“It was, conceptually, a door-opening event,” said observational cosmologist Sandra Faber, a staff member at University of California Observatories. “It showed that known laws of physics could explain the universe when it was only 100 seconds old. Isn’t that amazing?”

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Alien Life Search Update: NASA Could Soon Locate Extraterrestrials With New Telescope

by Johnny Vatican                       May 1, 2019                       (medicaldaily.com)

• The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which will go online in 2021 replacing the Hubble Telescope, will be the most sophisticated space telescope ever made. The JWST will be able to observe high redshift objects that are too old and too distant for the Hubble and other earlier instruments to observe. It promises to see deeper into time, and with much greater clarity, than any space-based or terrestrial optical telescope on Earth.

• One of the JWST’s major goals is observing some of the most distant events and objects in the universe such as the formation of the first galaxies, the formation of stars and planets, and direct imaging of exoplanets and novas. The JWST will be able to see 0.3 billion years after the Big Bang to when visible light itself was beginning to form. It will accurately measure the content of water, carbon dioxide and other components in the atmosphere of an exoplanet hundreds of light years away and will tell scientists more about the size and distance of these exoplanets are from their host suns. By measuring the chemical make-up of a planet, scientists will be able to see if it can host life.

• “Even if we never find other life in our Solar System, we might still detect it on any one of thousands of known exoplanets,” Cathal O’Connor, researcher and center manager at the University of Melbourne, said. “The ancient question ‘Are we alone?’ has graduated from being a philosophical musing to a testable hypothesis. We should be prepared for an answer.”

 

When the astonishing James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) sees first light in 2021, the world of science as we know it will never be the same again.

The most sophisticated space telescope ever made promises to see deeper into time, and with much greater clarity, than any space-based or terrestrial optical telescope on Earth. Some of the more starry-eyed fantasize JWST might even glimpse alien spacecraft hovering over their home planet.
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The replacement for the venerable Hubble Telescope will be able to see 0.3 billion years after the Big Bang to when visible light itself was beginning to form. It will accurately measure the content of water, carbon dioxide and other components in the atmosphere of an exoplanet hundreds of light years away and will tell scientists more about the size and distance of these exoplanets are from their host suns.

By measuring the chemical make-up of a planet, scientists will be able to see if it can host life.

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CERN Scientists Say the Universe Shouldn’t Exist

by Paul Seaburn         October 25, 2017         (mysteriousuniverse.org)

  • Researchers at CERN in Switzerland recently made the most precise measurements ever of the magnetic force of protons and anti-protons and found them to be exactly the same.

  • Since protons and anti-protons cancel each other out, the equal amounts of matter and antimatter should have annihilated each other and the “Big Bang” should have left nothing behind.

  • [Editor’s Note] Is mainstream science beginning to realize that they they may be relying upon an incorrect model of physics and the origin of the universe, and that our very scientific foundation needs to be revised?

 

“All of our observations find a complete symmetry between matter and antimatter, which is why the universe should not actually exist.”

Are you reading this? Good. That means the world’s greatest scientists using the world’s greatest scientific instruments are wrong. Or are they?

Researchers at CERN in Switzerland recently made the most precise measurements ever of the magnetic force of protons and antiprotons and found them to be exactly the same … except for an opposite sign. This means the idea that scientists have danced around for centuries is still making them waltz – the Big Bang created equal amounts of matter and antimatter which should have annihilated each other and left nothing behind … including the universe and us. So, why are we still here?

A better question might be: “How did the CERN Physicists manage to experiment with the magnetism of matter and antimatter without annihilating the universe for real?” In a word … slowly. In 2014, they were able to measure the magnetic moment – how much a proton resists magnetic force – by trapping an individual proton in a magnetic field, then spinning it with another magnetic field.

That part was easy – at least protons don’t annihilate when they come in contact with any matter. Antiprotons are – no pun intended – another matter. After creating antiprotons in 2015, they had to create an antimatter chamber to store them in. They started with a Penning trap – a cylindrical container that traps charged particles between a magnetic field and a quadrupole electric field (apologies to physicists for this overly simple explanation). These Penning traps are imperfect and the antimatter can leak out (not a good thing – if you’ve been paying attention), so the CERN physicist used two and kept the antimatter extremely cold. This allowed them to store the antimatter for 405 days, more than enough time to do the magnetic moment measurements.

And the answer is … −2.7928473441 μN. (μN is a nuclear magneton). Not only was this exactly the same – except for the minus sign – as the magnetic moment of a proton, it’s accurate to nine digits or nearly perfect. Would you expect any less from CERN?

Christian Smorra, the physicist at CERN’s Baryon–Antibaryon Symmetry Experiment (BASE) collaboration who observed that the universe should not actually exist, was excited at the results, published this week in Nature, but still puzzled.

“An asymmetry must exist here somewhere but we simply do not understand where the difference is.”

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